HABLANDO ‘MEXICANO’: LA RESTRUCTURACIÓN INDUSTRIAL Y LOS DESAFÍOS PARA LA ORGANIZACIÓN A TRAVÉS DE LA DIFERENCIA EN UN MISSISSIPPI TRANSNACIONAL
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La industria de procesamiento de aves en el sur de los Estados Unidos ha experimentado transformaciones radicales en la última década. Como resultado de ello, en la actualidad se establecen grandes cantidades de trabajadores latinoamericanos en comunidades que tradicionalmente no se han visto afectadas por flujos migrantes internacionales, y su influjo ha estimulado cambios sociales y culturales de importancia. En las plantas de procesamiento de aves de Mississippi estos recién llegados trabajan junto a la tradicional mano de obra afroamericana. Las condiciones de trabajo son malas, los salarios bajos, y la industria es conocida por sus flagrantes violaciones de los derechos laborales, civiles y humanos. En Mississippi algunos abogados, líderes comunitarios y trabajadores comienzan a construir una coalición para responsabilizar a la industria por sus prácticas y mejorar la capacidad de los trabajadores para hacer valer sus derechos. Este artículo explora las tensiones raciales y culturales existentes en la nueva fuerza de trabajo de Mississippi. El análisis ilustra la manera en que la industria saca provecho de las divisiones entre los trabajadores –y las promueve–, para incrementar sus beneficios en una economía globalizada, e ilumina las fuerzas neoliberales que impulsan la trasnacionalización de la industria de procesamiento de aves –y el sur de los Estados Unidos– en la actualidad. A la vez que afirma que que estos antagonismos representan hoy serios desafíos para los esfuerzos de organización de los trabajadores a través de la diferencia, la autora presenta evidencia que sugiere que es posible organizar hoy en Mississippi, y que el futuro es promisorio.
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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
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